Most of us know that physical activity is important for health, but it turns out that not only the amount matters – but also the variety. A new study indicates that combining different types of activity in a workout routine may lead to a longer life.
The study, published in the journal BMJ Medicine, found that people who diversify their physical activity – for example combining walking, strength training, cycling or racket sports such as tennis – enjoy a lower risk of mortality compared to those who stick to just one type of workout.
The researchers analyzed data from two large-scale and long-term studies: Nurses' Health Study, which included more than 120 thousand women, and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, which included more than 50 thousand men. The participants were followed for more than 30 years and regularly reported their physical activity habits.
The data included a wide range of activities: From walking and running, through swimming and cycling, to gardening, stair climbing and resistance training. The researchers also examined the energy levels required for each activity using the MET index, which measures energy expenditure relative to rest.
The findings were clear: People with higher levels of activity tended to have a lower body mass index, a healthier diet and a more balanced lifestyle. But beyond that, it was found that the variety in activity itself is a significant factor.
After adjusting for the total amount of activity, those who performed the widest variety of activities reduced their risk of death from any cause by about 20%. In addition, they enjoyed a reduction of 13% to 41% in the risk of death from heart disease, cancer, respiratory diseases and other causes.
However, the researchers emphasize that this is an observational study, and therefore a definitive causal relationship cannot be established. Still, the conclusion is clear: Combining different types of activity over time may significantly contribute to health and longevity.
The bottom line? If you are used to the same workout routine, it may be time to diversify. The body, and the heart, will probably thank you.